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Create an encrypted file system on a disk Use cryptsetup to format your drive: # cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sdb1 Open LUKS-formated partition as example: # cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sdb1 example Format LUKS-formated partition with EXT4 file system: # mkfs.…

Usage Check MX record for example.com: $ dig example.com mx Perform a DNS lookup for the A records of example.com and display only answer section in short format: $ dig example.com a +short Perform a DNS lookup for the A (IPv4 address) records of example.…

Instant Messengers Signal - the most popular and respected messenger, which encryption protocol supports forward secrecy.

RPM Fusion Installation Make sure, that Cisco repo with openh264 library is enabled: # dnf config-manager --enable fedora-cisco-openh264 Install Free and Non-Free repos: # dnf install https://mirrors.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-$(rpm…

Configuration Use Specific Mirror Find desired mirror here.

Properly theme all apps with Adwaita Install adw-gtk3-theme: # dnf install adw-gtk3-theme Install adw-gtk3-theme for Flatpak apps: $ flatpak install org.gtk.Gtk3theme.adw-gtk3 org.gtk.Gtk3theme.adw-gtk3-dark Using gnome-tweaks and set “Legacy Applications”

AppCleaner - small application which allows you to thoroughly uninstall unwanted apps.

Usage Create self-signed certificate Generate an ECDSA private key: $ openssl genpkey -algorithm EC -pkeyopt ec_paramgen_curve:P-256 -out <key_name>.key Generate a certificate signing request: $ openssl req -new -sha256 -key ca_private_key -out <key_name>…

Applications AOMEI Partition Assistant - partition manager.

Servers NTP Project (alternative URLs): pool.ntp.org asia.pool.ntp.org europe.pool.ntp.org de.pool.ntp.org north-america.pool.ntp.org oceania.pool.ntp.org south-america.pool.ntp.org adminforge.de (read more): ntp1.adminforge.de ntp2.adminforge.de ntp3.adm…

UFW (uncomplicated firewall) is a firewall configuration tool that runs on top of iptables, included by default within Ubuntu distributions.

Configuration Configure your package manager by creating or editing /etc/rkhunter.conf.local: PKGMGR=DPKG Possible values: NONE, DPKG, RPM, BSD, SOLARIS.

Epson L800 Driver The problem, is that you cannot simply install official driver form Epson anymore, as driver’s dependancy (lsb package) is deprecated.

Usage Enable manually for the current session To set up one zstd compressed zram device with 8GiB capacity and a higher-than-normal priority: # modprobe zram # zramctl /dev/zram0 --algorithm zstd --size 8G # mkswap -U clear /dev/zram0 # swapon --priority…

Usage Split PDF files Extract single page: $ pdftk ORIG_FILE.pdf cat 3 output NEW_FILE.pdf Extract several individual pages: $ pdftk ORIG_FILE.pdf cat 1 8 12 output NEW_FILE.pdf Extract a range of pages: $ pdftk ORIG_FILE.pdf cat 1-122 output NEW_FILE.pdf…

Advanced Configuration Disable Mini Window Set enableMiniWindow to false in ~/.config/zoomus.conf.

Shortcuts Shortcut Action Insert/Ctrl+t Select files Alt+c Quick CD Ctrl+Space Calculate size ctrl+s Search Ctrl+x,q Quick view Ctrl+x,i View info file info Esc+.

Manage Dotfiles with Chezmoi A separate article on Chezmoi can be found here.

Configuration The primary configuration file for logrotate, which sets default parameters, is /etc/logrotate.conf.

How to Setup a private OpenVPN server Server Configuration Connect to the server: $ ssh root@X.X.X.X -i /path/to/sshkey Change hostname: # hostnamectl set-hostname openvpnas Fix hostname in /etc/hosts.

Tools dnscheck.tools Resolvers dnsforge.de Website: dnsforge.de Normal configuration: IPv4: 49.12.67.122 91.99.154.175 176.9.93.198 176.9.1.117 IPv6: 2a01:4f8:c013:29d::122 2a01:4f8:c010:8c35::175 2a01:4f8:151:34aa::198 2a01:4f8:141:316d::117 DoT: tls://d…

Configuration PowerShell has different paths for configuration files, scoped by user and host: All Users, All Hosts Windows - $PSHOME\Profile.ps1 Linux - /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/profile.ps1 macOS - /usr/local/microsoft/powershell/7/profile.ps1 All Use…

Upgrade to the Next Major Version Switch to console tty via Ctrl+Alt+F3 (the upgrade should be done on a text console, because your desktop environment could freeze during post-install/service restarts, leaving the system in a broken state).

Installation Install Cockpit with additional modules: # dnf install cockpit <additional_modules> Configure firewall: # firewall-cmd --add-service=cockpit --permanent # firewall-cmd --reload Start Cockpit service: # systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket Co…

Jobs Common Options jobs options: -l - list PIDs in addition to default info.

Usage List recently installed packages: $ grep " install " /var/log/dpkg.log $ grep " install " /var/log/apt/history.log Unattended Upgrades Installation Install the required packages: # apt install unattended-upgrades apt-listchanges Configuration Update…

Windows 11 Windows 11 Edition Without Crapware This is the “IoT Enterprise LTSC” edition.

Create and enable the swapfile Create the /swapfile: # dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile count=8192 bs=1M Set the permissions: # chmod 0600 /swapfile Mark the new file as a swap space: # mkswap -L swap /swapfile Enable the swap file: # swapon /swapfile Make the

Configuration Config locations Default (Linux): ~/.config/spotify/Users/<username>/prefs Ubuntu’s Snap: ~/snap/spotify/current/.config/spotify/prefs Flatpak: ~/.var/app/com.spotify.Client/config/spotify/Users/<username>/prefs Configuration Options Change…

Reference Years %y - Year without a century (00..99).

Simple Storage Service (S3) Host a static website on S3 with custom domain Create a new S3 bucket for your static website.

Advanced Configuration Flags Show punycode hostnames (set to enabled): chrome://flags/#force-punycode-hostnames Disable top sites on the default new tab page (set to enabled): chrome://flags/#disable-top-sites Disable default browser check (set to enabled…

Multipass is a tool to generate cloud-style Ubuntu VMs quickly on Linux, macOS, and Windows.

siege is an open source regression test and benchmark utility.

It’s important to protect your online accounts and identities, especially if you work for a large company and have access to infrastructure or sensitive data.

The Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) let you run a GNU/Linux environment, including most command-line tools, utilities, and applications, directly on Windows, unmodified, without the overhead of a traditional virtual machine or dual-boot setup.

Firewalld provides a dynamically managed firewall with support for network/firewall zones that define the trust level of network connections or interfaces.

Usage Common Options --progress - show progress while transferring data.

chezmoi helps you manage your personal configuration files (dotfiles, like ~/.bashrc) across multiple machines.

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Zabbix Installation (PostgreSQL) Zabbix is an open-source monitoring software tool for diverse IT components, including networks, servers, virtual machines (VMs) and cloud services.

Fundamentals Pragma Headers akamai-x-get-request-id akamai-x-cache-on akamai-x-cache-remote-on akamai-x-check-cacheable akamai-x-get-cache-key akamai-x-get-true-cache-key akamai-x-cache-remote akamai-x-get-nonces akamai-x-get-extracted-values akamai-x-ser…

fsck (“file system consistency check”) is a tool for checking the consistency of a file system in Unix and Unix-like operating systems. fsck generally has three modes of operation: Check for errors, and prompt the user interactively to decide how to resol…

Configuration LoginD use the following configuration file: /etc/systemd/logind.conf.

GnuPG is a complete and free implementation of the OpenPGP standard as defined by RFC4880 (also known as PGP).

Usage Scan single hostname: $ nmap example.com Scan specific port of IP address: $ nmap -p 8080 10.100.10.12 Scan several IP addresses: $ nmap 10.100.10.12 10.100.10.14 10.100.10.32 Scan several servers using last octet of IP address: $ nmap 10.100.10.12,…

The traditional Unix archiving and compression tools are separated according to the Unix philosophy: A file archiver combines several files into one archive file, e.g. tar.

Guest Configuration GNU/Linux Install SPICE Guest Agent: # apt install spice-vdagent spice-webdavd Windows On Windows SPICE Guest Agent installer can be downloaded from the official website or using this direct link.

Tor is an open source implementation of second generation onion routing that provides free access to an anonymous proxy network.

Nextcloud Installation (Nginx + PostgreSQL) Nextcloud offers the industry-leading, on-premises content collaboration platform.